Inspiring Lives

Inspiring lives.

89 true lives, told as tales, to see how each one made the “we” bigger.

Every tale rests on verified sources, listed at the bottom of the page.

Ubuntu thinkers (18)

South Africa, 1963

Jordan Kush Ngubane

A South African journalist, Jordan Kush Ngubane co-wrote the manifesto of the Congress Youth League in 1944. He was among the first to make ubuntu known in writing in South Africa.

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Zimbabwe, 1980

Stanlake and Tommie Marie Samkange

In 1980, the year Zimbabwe became independent, Stanlake and Tommie Marie Samkange published a book on hunhu, ubuntu in Shona. They saw in it a political philosophy for the new country.

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Kenya, 1969

John S. Mbiti

A Kenyan theologian and Anglican priest, John S. Mbiti challenged, in his 1969 book, the idea that African religions were demonic. One of his sayings is often quoted: "I am, because we are."

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South Africa, 1999

Mogobe B. Ramose

A South African philosopher trained in exile, Mogobe B. Ramose published African Philosophy Through Ubuntu in 1999. He showed that ubuntu is a true philosophy, one of human beings always in relationship and in motion.

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South Africa, 2001

Augustine Shutte

A philosopher at the University of Cape Town, Augustine Shutte devoted much of his work to ubuntu. In 2001, he made it a shared ethic for post-apartheid South Africa.

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Nigeria, 1984

Ifeanyi Menkiti

A philosopher and poet born in Onitsha, Nigeria, Ifeanyi Menkiti taught for decades at Wellesley College in the United States. In 1984, he wrote that we are not born fully persons: we become persons, among others.

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Ghana, 1997

Kwame Gyekye

A Ghanaian philosopher steeped in Akan thought, Kwame Gyekye taught for forty years at the University of Ghana. He argued for a "moderate communitarianism" in which community matters without ever erasing the dignity of each person.

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Tanzania, 1967

Julius Nyerere

A schoolteacher who became Tanzania's first president, Julius Nyerere tried to build his country on ujamaa, the spirit of family. His project had failures, but he left behind a united nation.

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Zambia, 1964

Kenneth Kaunda

The first president of independent Zambia, Kenneth Kaunda championed a "Zambian humanism" built on mutual aid and community. He also imposed one-party rule, then, defeated in the 1991 election, handed over power peacefully.

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South Africa, 1984

Desmond Tutu

Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, Desmond Tutu received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984 for his nonviolent struggle against apartheid. He chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and made ubuntu known to the world.

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South Africa, 2019

Mungi Ngomane

Desmond Tutu's granddaughter, Mungi Ngomane published Everyday Ubuntu in 2019, with a foreword by her grandfather. In it she offers fourteen simple lessons for living ubuntu every day.

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Victoria, British Columbia, 2019

Devi Dee Mucina

Born in Zimbabwe, of the Ngoni and Shona peoples, Devi Dee Mucina teaches Indigenous governance at the University of Victoria. In Ubuntu Relational Love (2019), he writes to his mother, his father and his children to mend what colonialism scattered.

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Kenya, 1986

Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o

Kenyan writer Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o chose to write in his own language, Gikuyu. Imprisoned without trial, he wrote a novel on toilet paper, then defended African languages in Decolonising the Mind.

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Martinique, 1950

Aimé Césaire

A poet born in Martinique, Aimé Césaire gave birth in Paris to the word "negritude" and defended the dignity of colonized peoples. He was mayor of Fort-de-France for more than half a century.

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Martinique and Algeria, 1961

Frantz Fanon

A psychiatrist born in Martinique, Frantz Fanon headed a ward in Blida, Algeria, where he sought to reach his patients' cultural world. He later joined the FLN and dictated The Wretched of the Earth.

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Senegal, 1954

Cheikh Anta Diop

Senegalese historian and physicist Cheikh Anta Diop argued from 1954 that ancient Egypt had been peopled by Black Africans, then defended the cultural unity of Black Africa. His theses were debated, and the University of Dakar now bears his name.

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South Africa, 2007

Thaddeus Metz

An American-born philosopher based in South Africa, Thaddeus Metz seeks to articulate the ethics of ubuntu as a moral theory. His book A Relational Moral Theory (2022) is debated around the world.

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Vietnam and France, 1966

Thich Nhat Hanh

A Vietnamese Buddhist monk, Thich Nhat Hanh called for peace during the Vietnam War and lived 39 years in exile. In France, he founded Plum Village and taught "interbeing": nothing exists alone.

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Justice and reconciliation (17)

South Africa, 1994

Nelson Mandela

A lawyer and ANC activist, Nelson Mandela spent twenty-seven years in prison for fighting apartheid. Released in 1990, he shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize and in 1994 became South Africa's first democratically elected president.

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South Africa, 1995

Yvonne Mokgoro

Born in a Kimberley township, Yvonne Mokgoro became one of the first justices of South Africa's Constitutional Court. In the judgment that abolished the death penalty, she defended ubuntu.

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South Africa, 1995

Pius Langa

A former shirt-factory worker, Pius Langa became a lawyer for opponents of apartheid, then Chief Justice of South Africa. In Makwanyane, the 1995 ruling that abolished the death penalty, he described ubuntu as a culture of community and interdependence.

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South Africa, 1960

Albert Luthuli

A teacher and Zulu chief, Albert Luthuli led the ANC from 1952 and championed nonviolent resistance to apartheid. He was the first African to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.

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South Africa, 1977

Steve Biko

A medical student, Steve Biko founded the Black Consciousness movement, which called on Black South Africans to seek psychological liberation under apartheid. He died in detention in 1977, at 30.

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Liberia, 2003

Leymah Gbowee

In 2003, the social worker Leymah Gbowee brought together Christian and Muslim women in Liberia, dressed in white, to demand peace. Their action helped end fourteen years of civil war. She received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2011.

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Rwanda, 1994

Captain Mbaye Diagne

An unarmed Senegalese officer with the UN mission in Rwanda, Captain Mbaye Diagne saved hundreds of people during the 1994 genocide. Since 2014, a UN medal for exceptional courage has borne his name.

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Rwanda, 1994

Zura Karuhimbi

During the genocide against the Tutsi in 1994, an elderly healer in the village of Musamo hid more than a hundred people in her home. She kept the killers away by playing on their fear of spirits.

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South Africa, 1964

Ahmed Kathrada

A South African activist of Indian descent, Ahmed Kathrada was sentenced to life in prison alongside Nelson Mandela in 1964. Released in 1989, he devoted the rest of his life to a South Africa without colour lines.

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South Africa, 1956

Albertina Sisulu

A nurse and midwife in Soweto, Albertina Sisulu helped organize the great women's march on Pretoria in 1956. Jailed and banned, she kept on caring and fighting, until she became "Ma Sisulu."

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South Africa, 1963

Beyers Naudé

An Afrikaner minister of the Dutch Reformed Church, Beyers Naudé broke with his own after the Sharpeville massacre. He left the Broederbond in 1963, founded the Christian Institute and became one of apartheid's great opponents.

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Mozambique, 1996

Graça Machel

The first Minister of Education of independent Mozambique, Graça Machel opened school to hundreds of thousands of children. In 1996, she gave the UN a major study on children caught in wars.

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Ghana, 2001

Kofi Annan

Born in Kumasi, Ghana, Kofi Annan spent his life in the service of the United Nations, becoming its Secretary-General in 1997. In 2001, he and the UN received the Nobel Peace Prize.

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Rwanda, 1994

Immaculée Ilibagiza

During the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi, Immaculée Ilibagiza survived 91 days hidden in a tiny bathroom. She later chose to forgive, without erasing any of the truth.

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Northern Ireland, 1998

John Hume

Born in Derry, John Hume championed non-violence through decades of conflict in Northern Ireland. He was one of the architects of the Good Friday Agreement and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998.

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Lithuania, 1940

Chiune Sugihara

Japan's consul in Kaunas in 1940, Chiune Sugihara signed thousands of transit visas for Jewish refugees, despite Tokyo's refusal. Yad Vashem recognized him as Righteous Among the Nations in 1984.

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South Africa and India, 1906

Mahatma Gandhi

A young lawyer thrown off a train in South Africa for being Indian, Gandhi launched his first campaign of non-violent resistance there in 1906: satyagraha. Historians also recall that there he referred to Black Africans with a contemptuous term.

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Civil rights and diaspora (17)

United States, 1961

The Freedom Riders

In 1961, Black and white women and men rode buses together through the segregated American South. Despite fire and beatings, hundreds kept going until the "whites only" signs came down.

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Durham, North Carolina, 1971

C. P. Ellis and Ann Atwater

In 1971, in Durham, a local Ku Klux Klan leader and a Black activist co-chaired ten days of meetings on school desegregation. By listening to each other, they became lifelong friends.

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Montgomery, Alabama, 1955

Rosa Parks

On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus. Her arrest launched a 381-day boycott that ended segregation on the city's buses.

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New York, today

Christopher Emdin

A professor at Columbia University's Teachers College, Christopher Emdin teaches science by starting from students' hip-hop culture. In 2013, with the rapper GZA, he had New York teenagers write raps about science.

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United States, 1963

Martin Luther King Jr.

A Baptist minister, Martin Luther King Jr. led the American civil rights movement through nonviolence. In 1963, from a cell in Birmingham, he wrote that we are all bound to one another.

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United States, 1964

Fannie Lou Hamer

A Mississippi sharecropper, Fannie Lou Hamer lost her job and her home for trying to vote. In 1964, in Atlantic City, she testified before a Democratic National Convention committee to defend that right.

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United States, 1960

Ella Baker

An organizer for more than half a century, Ella Baker helped students found SNCC in 1960, warning them against a movement centred on one leader. To her, strong people don't need strong leaders.

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United States, 1965

John Lewis

The son of Alabama sharecroppers, John Lewis marched, without violence, for Black Americans' right to vote. Wounded in Selma in 1965, he went on to serve more than thirty years in Congress.

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United States, 1960

Ruby Bridges

On November 14, 1960, at age six, Ruby Bridges walked into a whites-only school in New Orleans, escorted by federal marshals. As an adult, she created a foundation for tolerance and respect.

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United States, 1849

Harriet Tubman

Born enslaved in Maryland, Harriet Tubman escaped in 1849. She then returned about a dozen times to guide dozens of people to freedom, as far as St. Catharines, Canada.

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United States, 1989

Bryan Stevenson

A lawyer born in Delaware, Bryan Stevenson founded the Equal Justice Initiative in Alabama to defend people on death row and the wrongly imprisoned. He keeps saying that each person is worth more than the worst thing they have done.

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United States, 1963

Bayard Rustin

A Quaker champion of non-violence, Bayard Rustin advised Martin Luther King Jr. and organized the 1963 March on Washington. Because he was gay, he was often kept in the shadow of the movement he served.

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United States and France, 1963

James Baldwin

Born in Harlem, James Baldwin left for Paris, stifled by discrimination, then came back to take part in the civil rights movement. His books tell a story America denied.

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United States and Ghana, 1969

Maya Angelou

Poet and author Maya Angelou worked for Martin Luther King Jr.'s movement, lived in Africa, then told of her childhood as a Black girl in the South in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Her voice reached all the way to a presidential inauguration.

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United States, 1968

Shirley Chisholm

A Brooklyn early childhood educator, Shirley Chisholm became the first Black woman elected to the United States Congress in 1968. In 1972, she sought the Democratic presidential nomination.

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United States, 1962

Dolores Huerta

A teacher moved by the hunger of her students, the children of farmworkers, Dolores Huerta co-founded with César Chávez in 1962 the association that became the United Farm Workers union. She is credited with the rallying cry "Sí, se puede."

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Guatemala, 1992

Rigoberta Menchú Tum

A K'iche' Maya woman born in 1959 in Guatemala, Rigoberta Menchú Tum lost several relatives in the civil war. Having become the voice of her country's Indigenous peoples, she received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992, at 33.

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Canada and Quebec (15)

New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, 1946

Viola Desmond

In 1946, in New Glasgow, Viola Desmond refused to leave the whites-only section of a movie theatre. Convicted over one cent of tax, she was pardoned in 2010, and her face has been on the $10 bill since 2018.

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Ontario, 1853

Mary Ann Shadd

Born free in Delaware, Mary Ann Shadd settled in Canada West in 1851. In 1853, she founded The Provincial Freeman and became the first Black woman to publish a newspaper in North America.

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Ontario, 1841

Josiah Henson

Born enslaved in Maryland, Josiah Henson escaped to Upper Canada with his family in 1830. He then helped build the Dawn settlement near Dresden, with a school for refugees.

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Nova Scotia, 1946

Carrie Best

In New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, Carrie Best founded The Clarion in 1946, a newspaper for the Black community. Through her words, in print and then on the radio, she fought segregation for decades.

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Ontario, 1951

Kay Livingstone

A radio host and actress, Kay Livingstone co-founded the Canadian Negro Women's Association in Toronto in 1951. In 1973 she brought together the first national congress of Black women, and she is credited with coining the term "visible minority."

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Ontario, 1978

Stanley G. Grizzle

A sleeping car porter with Canadian Pacific, Stanley Grizzle fought racial discrimination with his union. In 1978, he became Canada's first Black citizenship judge.

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Ontario, 1962

Daniel G. Hill

A sociologist born in Missouri, Daniel G. Hill settled in Toronto in 1950. The first director of the Ontario Human Rights Commission, he was also a historian of Black Canadians and Ontario's Ombudsman.

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British Columbia, 1972

Rosemary Brown

Born in Jamaica, Rosemary Brown came to Canada to study. In 1972, she became the first Black woman elected to a provincial legislature in the country, in British Columbia.

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Ontario, 1968

Lincoln Alexander

The son of a sleeping car porter and a maid, Lincoln Alexander became Canada's first Black member of Parliament in 1968, then Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. He championed the cause of youth and fought racism.

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Ontario, 1995

Jean Augustine

Arriving from Grenada in 1960 to work as a nanny, Jean Augustine became a teacher, a school principal, then the first Black woman elected to the House of Commons. In 1995, her motion led to the recognition of February as Black History Month in Canada.

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Montreal, 1983

Fo Niemi

In 1983, in Montreal, Fo Niemi co-founded the Center for Research-Action on Race Relations (CRARR). Since then, the organization has supported victims of discrimination before the courts and pushed Quebec institutions to change.

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Montreal, 1902

Anna Greenup

Born in Ohio, Anna Greenup co-founded in Montreal, in 1902, the Black women's club that became the Coloured Women's Club, and was its first president. With wives of railway porters, she organized mutual aid in Little Burgundy.

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Quebec, 2005

Michaëlle Jean

Having come from Haiti to Quebec in 1968, Michaëlle Jean became a journalist at Radio-Canada and then, in 2005, Canada's first Black governor general. She later became the first woman Secretary General of La Francophonie.

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Rwanda and Canada, 1994

Roméo Dallaire

Commander of the UN mission in Rwanda in 1993-1994, General Roméo Dallaire pleaded in vain for the means to prevent the genocide against the Tutsi. He then bore witness to what he had seen and devoted himself to child soldiers.

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Montreal, 1997

Dr. Gilles Julien

A pediatrician born in Grand-Mère, Gilles Julien created the first community social pediatrics centres in Montreal. There, doctors, lawyers, social workers and volunteers surround the child and family together.

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First Nations and Seven Generations (14)

Manitoba, 2015

Murray Sinclair

An Anishinaabe judge from Manitoba, Murray Sinclair chaired the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada on Indigenous residential schools. Its 2015 report set out 94 Calls to Action.

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Canada, 2016

Cindy Blackstock

A Gitxsan social worker, Cindy Blackstock filed a complaint against Ottawa in 2007 over the underfunding of services for First Nations children. In 2016, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal ruled in her favour.

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Manitoba, 1990

Elijah Harper

An Oji-Cree member of the Manitoba legislature, Elijah Harper, holding an eagle feather, refused in June 1990 the consent needed to pass the Meech Lake Accord in time. His "no" helped sink the accord and became a symbol of Indigenous self-affirmation.

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Ontario, 2008

Shannen Koostachin

A young Cree girl from Attawapiskat First Nation, Shannen Koostachin fought for the children of her community to finally have a real school. After her death in 2010, her fight became Shannen's Dream.

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Ontario, 2019

Autumn Peltier

From Wiikwemkoong, Ontario, Autumn Peltier has defended water since childhood. In 2019, she succeeded her great-aunt Josephine Mandamin as Chief Water Commissioner of the Anishinabek Nation.

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Quebec, 2016

Michèle Audette

Born on a train to Schefferville, the daughter of an Innu activist, Michèle Audette has devoted her life to the rights of Indigenous women. A commissioner of the National Inquiry, she was appointed to the Senate in 2021.

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Quebec, 2009

Joséphine Bacon

Born in Pessamit, Joséphine Bacon is an Innu poet who writes in Innu-aimun and French. A translator for the elders for decades, she has carried their words and the voice of the land into collections such as Bâtons à message.

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Quebec, 1967

Alanis Obomsawin

An Abenaki from Odanak, Alanis Obomsawin has made documentaries at the National Film Board since 1967. Her films give First Nations a voice to tell their own stories.

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Onondaga Nation

Oren Lyons

A Faithkeeper of the Turtle Clan of the Onondaga Nation, Oren Lyons carried the voice of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy for decades, all the way to the United Nations. He also passed on the Seven Generations principle.

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Kahnawà:ke, 1985

Mary Two-Axe Earley

A Kanien'kehá:ka woman from Kahnawà:ke, Mary Two-Axe Earley lost her Indian status by marrying a non-Indigenous man. After nearly twenty years fighting this discrimination in the Indian Act, she became in 1985 the first person reinstated in her status.

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Nunavik, 2005

Sheila Watt-Cloutier

An Inuk born in Kuujjuaq, Nunavik, Sheila Watt-Cloutier chaired the Inuit Circumpolar Council from 2002 to 2006. In 2005, with 62 Inuit hunters and Elders, she brought global warming before a human rights commission.

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British Columbia, 2013

Phyllis Webstad

In 1973, at age six, Phyllis Webstad had the new orange shirt her grandmother bought her taken away at residential school. In 2013, her story gave rise to Orange Shirt Day, now linked to the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.

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Kanehsatà:ke, 1990

Ellen Gabriel

A Kanien'kehá:ka artist from Kanehsatà:ke, Ellen Gabriel was chosen as spokesperson by the people of the Longhouse during the crisis of summer 1990. She went on to defend the rights of Indigenous women, the land and the language.

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Eeyou Istchee, 1975

Billy Diamond

As a young Cree chief of Waskaganish, Billy Diamond stood up to the James Bay hydroelectric project. In 1975, he signed the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement, Canada's first modern treaty.

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Healing and protecting (8)

Boston and Richmond, 1864

Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler

In 1864, in Boston, Rebecca Lee Crumpler became the first African American woman to earn a medical degree in the United States. After the Civil War, she cared for people newly freed from slavery in Richmond.

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Kenya, 1977

Wangari Maathai

The first woman in East and Central Africa to earn a doctorate, Wangari Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977, through which thousands of women planted millions of trees. In 2004, she received the Nobel Peace Prize.

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DR Congo, 1999

Denis Mukwege

A Congolese gynaecologist, Denis Mukwege founded Panzi Hospital in Bukavu in 1999, where he treats women who survived sexual violence in wartime. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018.

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Haiti and Rwanda, 1987

Paul Farmer

An American physician and anthropologist, Paul Farmer co-founded Partners In Health in 1987 to care for the poorest, first in Haiti, then in Rwanda and beyond. He believed the best care was owed to everyone.

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Poland, 1942

Irena Sendler

A social worker in Warsaw, Irena Sendler helped smuggle Jewish children out of the ghetto and secretly recorded their real names. Yad Vashem honoured her as Righteous Among the Nations in 1965.

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Somalia, 1983

Hawa Abdi

One of Somalia's first female gynaecologists, Hawa Abdi opened a one-room clinic on her family's land in 1983. During the war, it became a village that sheltered up to 90,000 displaced people.

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Karachi, Pakistan

Abdul Sattar Edhi

In Karachi, Abdul Sattar Edhi built, from almost nothing, a foundation that runs one of the world's largest ambulance networks. He lived in a single room, with no salary and two sets of clothes.

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Montreal, 2014

Dr. Joanne Liu

A pediatric emergency physician in Montreal, Joanne Liu was international president of Médecins Sans Frontières from 2013 to 2019. In September 2014, before UN member states, she urged them to act against the Ebola epidemic in West Africa.

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